Newton laws of motion

Newton's laws of motion




"Laws of Motion" redirects here. For other uses, see Laws of motion.
"Newton's Law" redirects here. For the 2017 Australian TV series, see Newton's Law (TV series).



Newton's First and Second laws, in Latin, from the original 1687 Principia Mathematica
Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that, together, laid the foundation for classical mechanics. They describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and its motion in response to those forces. More precisely, the first law defines the force qualitatively, the second law offers a quantitative measure of the force, and the third asserts that a single isolated force doesn't exist. These three laws have been expressed in several different ways, over nearly three centuries,[1] and can be summarised as follows:

First law: In an inertial reference frame, an object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a force.[2][3]
Second law: In an inertial reference frame, the vector sum of the forces F on an object is equal to the mass m of that object multiplied by the acceleration a of the object: F = ma. (It is assumed here that the mass m is constant - see below.)
Third law: When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body.

The three laws of motion were first compiled by Isaac Newton in his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687.[4] Newton used them to explain and investigate the motion of many physical objects and systems.[5] For example, in the third volume of the text, Newton showed that these laws of motion, combined with his law of universal gravitation, explained Kepler's laws of planetary motion.





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Last edited 18 days ago by GreenC bot


Related articles

List of equations in classical mechanics
Wikimedia list article


Inertial frame of reference
frame of reference


Classical mechanics
sub-field of mechanics, which is concerned with the set of physical laws describing the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces

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